I would love to see the hadies verses the jumbo heavy wound channels in ballistic gel.

I just wanted to say "excellent job young man!" I'm a spacecraft engineer with a master's degree in ME from Stanford. Your math was excellent, as was the fact that your first test, was essentially an apples to apples comparison, with respect to pellet energy. I didn't get a great look at the pellets, but I believe they had the same frontal shape, and the same cross sectional area. If I'm wrong about that, please let me know. If they do, that would make your first test, a very apples to apples comparison. I'm talking about the test before you increased the power of the pellet rifle. Your video is honestly far more informative than what I receive from watching major firearm YouTube testers. They typically don't employ much science in their videos, or any! You've clearly studied physics in high school, and perhaps college as well. I don't know your age. At age 48, most young adults look like high school kids to me! You must have done very well in your high school physics class, and perhaps college as well. To improve your explanation of results, you need to bring in drag force equations, and Newton's conservation of momentum. I'm not sure if they covered fluid drag force yet in your classes. For fluids, both gases and liquids, the drag force is proportional to V^2 (V for velocity), the cross sectional area, and a drag coefficient, which is based on the shape of the object, and the consistency of the fluid. So yes, a faster pellet, with a similar or identical cross sectional area, will experience a much higher drag force, than a slower pellet, because the drag force is proportional to V^2. The drag force is what stops a pellet from moving farther through a fluid. Your homemade gelatin block, will likely have a different drag force equation than fluids do. It's very possible the drag force could be proportional to velocity to a higher exponent than 2.

If you're able to find the drag equation of your gelatin, via testing, you can employ Newton's conservation of momentum, to calculate exactly how far a given pellet will penetrate. However, given the fluid drag force equation, it should be very clear why a faster pellet won't penetrate as far as slower pellet with more momentum.

I guess we can conclude that energy doesn’t always equate directly to penetration . and that there is a certain velocity that a projectile is f a certain weight gets to where it pretty much maximises (penetration to velocity ratio )then from there there isn’t much of an increase of penetration when the velocity is increased so you’ll have to switch to heavier pellets as you’ve shown in this video . Great video and Extremely useful👍🇬🇧

Another great job….These videos are just the job for me, I much prefer the simple and normal approach …👍🏻🇬🇧

The bottom line is if you're hunting the heavyweight pellets will carry the energy further and will ultimately do a more damage on the target. I think you will also find that the heavyweight will track truer over distance than the lightweight one.

Nice comparison, thanks

You should try that test on some live quarry.  What kind of pests do you have around there?  See which pellet they like getting hit by less.

Great video....... Food for thought...............

The crossbow bolt penetrates because of the steel tip.

I’ve been doing similar testing for low-powered CO2 Pistols. Most people just discount them as toys because of their low power of around 2 ft/lbs, limiting them to being able to barely penetrate steel cans, and sadly bounce right off thicker plastic, and glass bottles (with common Crosman Pointed lead pellets, 7.6 grains, $5)
However, I tested them against the RWS Hypermax Pointed steel pellets, 5.2 grains, $30)
and now can penetrate thick steel, plastic, and glass. (I finally found my Armor Piercers)
At this point I never bothered to test any other shapes, materials, or heavier pellets, because it’s pretty clear to see that lighter, harder Pellets (may not be as accurate, but) are superior at penetrating hard targets., and pretty awesome!
Great videos!

Thanks for the video. It was very informative. I shoot the .177 cal pellets. Between the Baracuda Hunter extreme, 9.57 gr and the Baracuda Hunter, 10.35 gr,  The former penetrated 2 soap cakes each 3 inches thick  at 55 yards and lodged into the third, while the latter, heavier one, could only penetrate 1 and a half soaps cakes. The Hunter extreme has a 4 part expanding head while the other has a hollow point ..

👍👍

BTW, I subscribed. Keep going with applying science to your YouTube channel. I think you'll have a bright future, either in engineering, the mechanically oriented trades, or making money via YouTube.

Another great video. I need to get some of that gel to play with.
Matt Duber from South Africa did a video on clay shooting from about 12 ft lb to about 80 ft lb, the higher velocity wasn't always higher penetration because the projectile became much more mushroomed dumping energy. On game that may be a good thing.

That’s why I use 160grainers, in .357 tho

Very nice 👌 👍
Much better than the cans

Great comparisons! I'm very interested in terminal ballistics of pellets. I'll keep getting caught up on your content 👍

I don't think over-penetration is an issue with most small game, as I think either round will pass right through. Pellet shape would probably have a bigger impact on terminal ballistics than weight. Try running a Predator against a lighter pellet. I'd imagine the Predator would be better suited for small boar, where a domed or HP pellet would be better for squirrels or rabbits (shot placement trumping all, of course).

My initial thought on vid 1 was the heavier pellet would penetrate further due to higher sectional density.  Since shot distance is only a few feet from the barrel, the ballistic coefficient doesn't come into play.  They had similar FPE so I was confused by the results on the cans.  The results on the ballistics gel made much more sense to me.  Gearing up to view part 3....good vids!

Great video. If you are shooting squirrels, as you alluded to, I'm guessing you would want the lighter pellet? It dumps all of that energy into a smaller target. The heavier pellet risk over - penetration

I think shooting so low or close to the table with the litter pellet had something to do with how the pellet penetrated the gel and should try shoot both heavy and litter pellet close to each othere to get a more accurate test