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The Fall of Neolithic Europe | The Globular Amphora Culture

Dan Davis History

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Around 5,000 years ago, the Globular Amphora Culture occupied much of Central and Eastern Europe. Long overshadowed by the Corded Ware Culture and the Steppe migrations, ancient DNA has transformed our understanding of these Late Neolithic people, revealing that they were not Steppe pastoralists, but descendants of Europe's first farmers who nevertheless helped shape the genetic and cultural landscape of Bronze Age Europe. This video explains their origins, settlements, stone battle axes, ritual ox burials, ancient DNA, the Koszyce massacre, and their remarkable legacy in prehistoric Europe.

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Sources

Johannes Müller – Separation, Hybridisation, and Networks: Globular Amphora Sedentary Pastoralists ca. 3200–2700 BCE (2023)
Marzena Szmyt – Between West and East: People of the Globular Amphora Culture in Eastern Europe: 2950–2350 BC (1999)
Haak et al. (2015) Massive migration from the steppe was a source for Indo-European languages in Europe
Mathieson et al. (2018) The genomic history of southeastern Europe
Luka Papac et al. Dynamic changes in genomic and social structures in third millennium BCE central Europe. (2021)
Schroeder et al. (2019) Unraveling ancestry, kinship and violence in a Late Neolithic mass grave
Przybyła, Włodarczak et al. (2013)
The Kurgan Culture and the Indo-Europeanization of Europe (1997) Articles by Marija Gimbutas
Ringbauer, H., Huang, Y., Akbari, A. et al. Accurate detection of identity-by-descent segments in human ancient DNA. Nat Genet 56, 143–151 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41588-023-01...

Thank you to the artists

Ancient Europeans Instagram: ancienteuropeans2
Ancestral Whispers https://www.ancestralwhispers.org/
Maps by https://maptism.org/

Video Chapters

00:00 The Globular Amphora Culture
01:28 Sponsorship
03:12 What is the GAC?
11:05 The Corded Ware culture
14:00 The Koszyce mass grave
16:09 Amber sun discs
16:51 The GAC legacy

20 Comments

@DanDavisHistory Creator 2 months ago Pinned

@hoi-polloi1863 2 months ago

Chieftain: We are mighty in war, mighty in song, and mighty in prayer! This is our legacy.
Archaeologist: Nah, your legacy is your weirdo pottery.
Chieftain: Damn. We shoulda invented writing.
Ea-Nasir: I know, right?

@JoseRamirez-vb1sk 2 months ago

I am an archaeologist in califonia, while doing pre vegetation management surveys, i often think that future arks will talk about the "red solo cup" culture, the "the sprite people" or the people of "mylar" 😂

@andriidubinin955 2 months ago

People lived, people fought, people died.... and all we can identify them by is the shape of their pottery... How little do we know...
Thank you very much Dan!👍❤

@ChrisSmith-lo2kp 2 months ago

the Iggy Pop and Patti Smith culture

@gretcheng8042 2 months ago

Two videos in the same week?!? Clearly the gods look upon us with favor. Thanks Dan!

@strafe155 2 months ago

Thanks you for making quality comprehensive videos on Pre-Historic Europe and the Mediterranian.

@Mifune41 2 months ago

Don't worry, Dan, you talk about the solar cult just the right amount.

Seeing that grave is both sad and really beautiful - as much as we've always been violent, we've also loved each other.

@michellebarnes7640 2 months ago

The woman in the thumbnail is clearly the ancestress of Bertie Wooster.

@thebeastincarnate5736 2 months ago (edited)

I've seen genetic tests of people in Southern India with some 5% of GAC ancestry (undoubtedly hitchhiked through the steppe ancestry). To put it into perspective, that's roughly the equivalent of one 2x great grandparent.

Its kind of weird to think that many people in distant corners of the world have the ancestry of this small neolithic group.

@Shaggy_Norville_Rogers 2 months ago

Thanks for such quality work Dan, these documentaries are top notch, and clearly well researched.

@ItzJustHistory1916 2 months ago

A nice and informative shorter piece. Well done Dan!

@KevinSmith-yh6tl 2 months ago (edited)

Thank you, Dan.
Have a great weekend.
Edit: HYPED!

@christunnell2377 2 months ago

The woman in the thumbnail looks almost exactly like my late mother.

@thatguyblue4811 2 months ago

Saying the men were killed and they took the women as their “wives” is being really generous.

@alexanderhanooman 2 months ago

I really appreciate your work. Regardless of the politics of today. I've learnt so much about our human history from men like you on YouTube. Thank you for your accurate and insightful work.

@SrtaLiAngel3087 2 months ago

Thank you so much for another great video, Dan. These videos about genetics and ancient cultures are a real treasure. Because through them we understand phenomena like Globular Culture beyond the Amphorae and many others much better.

@ragnarostbrok1254 2 months ago (edited)

It is interesting, that the GAC associated haplogroup of I2a2 is so rare nowadays in the eastern spheres of the GAC while in germany it survived and remained a major haplogroup until today

@jakobfromthefence 2 months ago

I’d imagine that early in the technological development process the globular beaker made much more sense. Since there probably hadn’t been many flat surfaces to put pots on yet. On uneven surfaces round shape is much more stable to put.