UPDATE for 10 degrees to -10 degrees:

Wear multiple active mid layers! two or even three jackets/sweaters will allow you to stay warm WITHOUT sweating since you can easily remove layers if you get too hot. (reminder no cotton)

Protect your face! A balaclava, scarf, neck gaiter, or even ski goggles will help prevent heat from escaping, especially with the extremely cold wind. ANY skin exposed on your body will severely reduce your core temperature

Don't forget leg layers! Jeans will not cut it... Wear sweatpants or multiple if you have to (active mid layers). And definitely do not forget a shell layer which stops the cold wind from sapping all the heat from your legs. Materials that will work best as a shell are tightly woven synthetics like nylon

8,000,000,000 points for the chart. I’ve been trying to make 2. 1 for active and one for sleep. It is not as easy as people think unless you have a walk in cooler in your house and it is important to know your comfort level, not the advertised or suggested norms. Great work.

there are PLENTY off merino sweaters, long sleeves etc. in the thrifts where they oftenly make em cheap ash so if youre planning on getting new system clothing definitely look in your local thrift

merino wool for base layers is amazing

Very concise and informative video. Can't believe this was only published 10 days ago! ❤

"Every winter I forget and need to relearn", same! The problem with the chart is that towards the end of winter we have gained some cold tolerance and we can usually do with one layer less for the same temperature than in the beginning of winter.

Wool is def the way to go, trust me!

I use a really thin sports shirt as my base layer, then either a fleece or an insulating synthetic jacket. My shell is just a jacket that I wax to waterproof. The insulating jacket is thin, but that's ok because I can just add the fleece if needed, although it rarely is. I live in the UK so it's mostly about staying dry rather than warm.

Good layering video that young "board heads" need to watch. I see them constantly wearing cotton clothing and you KNOW they are cold.
BRYNJE polypropylene fishnet is THE most comfortable base layer and many are discovering this. You can layer polyester (or wool if you're a Luddite) over the fishnet for a VERY warm base layer. The heavier this 2nd base layer is obviously the warmer you will be. Best combination is a thinner top polyester over layer and a heavier legs over layer under shell ski pants. With the traditional upper body mid insulating layers like a heavy authentic Norwegian sweater or thick fleece sweater and a shell you can be out in 0 F. weather and be warm -a as long as your feet, hands and head are warm as well. A good balaclava is nice to have on bitter cold, windy days.

When sleeping in cold weather bring a male urinal you can buy at the drugstore. Cold makes you pee more. Holding your pee all night will give you a terrible sleep. Better to pee in the bottle and take it out of the sleeping bag. Opening the bag to get up and pee will release a ton of heat and it will take a long time to rebuild it when you get back into the bag. It took many nights of experimentation to figure this all out.

Down puffy is always the most outer layer in normal trail use.. only thrown on over everything else when you stop.

Wool is so delicate.

Here in  N  FL it can get below freezing on rare occasions during the winter,  especially mornings and evenings.  Warms up in the afternoon.  I  use layering with a medium jacket, with a rain jacket over it as a second layer. Works great.

Totally true.

Good guide👍

Cotton base layer keeps me warmer when topped with my thick wool sweater. Then a puffer jacket. Cotton shirts are warmer if you dont intent to sweat it out or do strenuous activities out

Wow, simply amazing video! Thank you so much for making it!

AWWEEEESSSSSOOOOMMMMMEEEE!

Really good explanation, good job Stephen. Upvoting.

Very nice