history of japan

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History of Japan

All research and sources are linked below.

RESEARCH & SOURCES:

▸ The Metropolitan Museum of Art — "Jōmon Culture (ca. 10,500–ca. 300 B.C.)" https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/jom... — archaeological evidence for Jōmon communities, settlements, subsistence, and distinctive pottery traditions.

▸ The Metropolitan Museum of Art — "Yayoi Culture (ca. 300 B.C.–300 A.D.)" https://www.metmuseum.org/ja/essays/y... — evidence for wet-rice agriculture, metallurgy, permanent settlements, continental influence, and increasing social organization during the Yayoi period.

▸ The Metropolitan Museum of Art — "Japan, 1–500 A.D." https://82nd-and-fifth.metmuseum.org/... — chronology of the Kofun period and the development of centralized political authority.

▸ The Metropolitan Museum of Art — "Japan, 1400–1600 A.D." https://82nd-and-fifth.metmuseum.org/... — background on the Sengoku period, Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, and the political unification of Japan.

▸ The Metropolitan Museum of Art — "Art of the Edo Period (1615–1868)" https://www.metmuseum.org/es/essays/a... — background on Tokugawa rule, Edo society, cultural development, and Japan's tightly controlled foreign relations.

▸ HISTORY — "Meiji Restoration" https://www.history.com/articles/meij... — overview of the Tokugawa shogunate, Commodore Perry, the opening of Japan, the Meiji Restoration, and Japan's modernization.

▸ HISTORY — "Commodore Perry Sails Into Tokyo Bay" https://www.history.com/this-day-in-h... — historical background on Perry's 1853 arrival and the events that led to the Treaty of Kanagawa.

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PEOPLE & SITES MENTIONED IN THIS VIDEO:

▸ Jōmon People — Ancient communities who lived across the Japanese archipelago for thousands of years. Jōmon societies are known for distinctive pottery, hunting, fishing, gathering, and settled communities.

▸ Yayoi Culture — A cultural transition associated with wet-rice agriculture, metallurgy, permanent settlements, and increasing social differentiation. Rice cultivation and other technologies reached Japan through connections with continental Asia, including the Korean peninsula.

▸ Yamato Court — A powerful political center that emerged as competing communities became consolidated during the early centuries CE. Large Kofun tombs reflect the growing power of central elites.

▸ Heian Period — Beginning in 794, the imperial court was based at Heian-kyō, modern Kyoto. The period became famous for court culture, poetry, visual art, and literature including The Tale of Genji by Murasaki Shikibu.

▸ Samurai — Warrior elites who became increasingly important as military power developed outside the imperial court. Military governments eventually became the dominant political institutions for much of Japan's medieval and early modern history.

▸ Minamoto no Yoritomo — The Minamoto leader who established the Kamakura shogunate after the Genpei War, beginning a long period of military government.

▸ Tokugawa Ieyasu — The military leader who unified political power after the conflicts of the late sixteenth century and established the Tokugawa shogunate in 1603.

▸ Tokugawa Japan — The Edo-period political system maintained strict controls over foreign relations and trade for more than two centuries. Japan was not completely disconnected from the outside world; regulated contact and trade continued with selected foreign partners, including the Dutch and Chinese.

▸ Commodore Matthew Perry — The American naval commander whose squadron arrived in Tokyo Bay in 1853. His expedition helped force the opening of Japanese ports to American trade and contributed to the crisis that eventually brought down the Tokugawa shogunate.

▸ Meiji Restoration — The political transformation beginning in 1868 that ended Tokugawa rule and initiated sweeping changes in Japanese government, military organization, education, industry, and society.

▸ Murasaki Shikibu — Heian-period court writer traditionally credited with The Tale of Genji, one of the most important works of classical Japanese literature.

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CHAPTERS

00:00 — The Islands That Became Japan
00:59 — Before the Samurai
02:03 — The Jōmon and Yayoi People
03:03 — The Rise of the Yamato Court
03:29 — Why Japan Looked to China and Korea
04:01 — The Heian Court
05:14 — How the Samurai Took Power
06:37 — The Age of Civil War
07:05 — Japan Closes Itself Off
07:55 — Life During the Tokugawa Era
08:24 — Commodore Perry Arrives
08:55 — The Meiji Restoration
10:23 — Japan Goes to War
10:46 — Rebuilding After 1945
11:10 — The Pattern Behind Japanese History

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