Over the past hundred years, we have learned a great deal about the structure and evolution of our universe. The modern cosmological picture of the world is based on a large set of diverse independent observations. These include data on the expansion dynamics and large-scale structure, the cosmic microwave background, primordial nucleosynthesis, and the chemical evolution of the universe. Furthermore, there is a sound theoretical basis for describing evolution: from the first moments after the Big Bang to the present day.

During the lecture, together with astrophysicist Sergei Popov, we examined the key observational data underlying the cosmological picture of the world. We discussed the basic aspects of data interpretation, distances and velocities in cosmology, how they relate to redshift, and, finally, how we may soon be able to directly observe the dynamics of the universe through astronomical observations.

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Timecodes:

0:00 - Introduction. Lecture Topic: "The Cosmological Picture of the World"
1:20 - The Four Pillars of Modern Cosmology
16:31 - Expansion of the Universe
23:09 - Structure of the Universe
25:52 - Relic Radiation
33:54 - Primordial Nucleosynthesis
42:13 - Hubble Ultra Deep Field
44:09 - Formation of Galaxies
47:31 - Formation of Galaxy Clusters
48:56 - Distant Proto-Cluster of Galaxies
49:49 - Superclusters of Galaxies: Laniakea
51:14 - Structure of Flows Inside 80 Mpc
51:44 - "Dipole Repulsor"
54:26 - Skeleton of the Universe
57:12 - Very Metal-Depleted Gas z=7
1:01:37 - Change in the Temperature of the Relic Radiation Over Time. The Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect
1:03:32 - How does a relic cool?

1:05:01 - Olbers' Paradox
1:05:56 - Questions