How to Draw Heteronuclear MO Diagrams: NO, HCl, and Bond Order
Dean Covalt
18,730 views
Confused by Heteronuclear Molecular Orbitals? In this lesson, I explain how to draw MO diagrams for molecules with different atoms (like NO and HCl) and why electronegativity makes these diagrams "skewed."
In this video, we cover:
Why different atoms result in asymmetrical energy levels.
How to calculate the bond order for Nitric Oxide (NO).
How MO theory explains lone pairs (non-bonding orbitals) in HCl.
Predicting polarity and dipole moments using orbital energy.
TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 Intro: What are Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules?
1:07 Why Electronegativity Skews the MO Diagram
3:45 Bonding vs. Antibonding: Which atom contributes more?
6:05 Predicting Polar Bonds & Dipole Moments
8:18 Example 1: Molecular Orbital Diagram for NO
10:52 How to calculate Bond Order for NO (2.5)
12:55 Explaining the reactivity of NO and NO+
14:50 Example 2: Non-bonding Orbitals in HCl
17:34 Why the 1s and 3p Orbitals overlap in HCl
20:30 How MO Theory explains Lone Pairs (Non-bonding)
22:38 Calculating the Bond Order for HCl
25:10 Conclusion and Summary
RESOURCES: ✅ Subscribe for more Chemistry walkthroughs: @deancovalt6343 ✅ Gen Chem 2 Mastery Playlist: General Chemistry 2: Advanced Mastery
#Chemistry #MolecularOrbitalTheory #GenChem
20 Comments
I am a little confused about the second example: HCl.
Correct me if I am wrong, but did the 1s form a sigma bond with 3pz from the Chlorine atom?
Also, am I correct in thinking that there is no pi bonds in lewis structure, and so there are no pi bonds in the Molecular Orbital diagram?
How to Draw Heteronuclear MO Diagrams: NO, HCl, and Bond Order
Dean Covalt
18,730 views
Confused by Heteronuclear Molecular Orbitals? In this lesson, I explain how to draw MO diagrams for molecules with different atoms (like NO and HCl) and why electronegativity makes these diagrams "skewed."
In this video, we cover:
Why different atoms result in asymmetrical energy levels.
How to calculate the bond order for Nitric Oxide (NO).
How MO theory explains lone pairs (non-bonding orbitals) in HCl.
Predicting polarity and dipole moments using orbital energy.
TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 Intro: What are Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules?
1:07 Why Electronegativity Skews the MO Diagram
3:45 Bonding vs. Antibonding: Which atom contributes more?
6:05 Predicting Polar Bonds & Dipole Moments
8:18 Example 1: Molecular Orbital Diagram for NO
10:52 How to calculate Bond Order for NO (2.5)
12:55 Explaining the reactivity of NO and NO+
14:50 Example 2: Non-bonding Orbitals in HCl
17:34 Why the 1s and 3p Orbitals overlap in HCl
20:30 How MO Theory explains Lone Pairs (Non-bonding)
22:38 Calculating the Bond Order for HCl
25:10 Conclusion and Summary
RESOURCES: ✅ Subscribe for more Chemistry walkthroughs: @deancovalt6343 ✅ Gen Chem 2 Mastery Playlist: General Chemistry 2: Advanced Mastery
#Chemistry #MolecularOrbitalTheory #GenChem