Endometriosis: Demystifying the Science Behind the Symptoms

Endometriosis affects an estimated 1 in 10 women of reproductive age, yet the condition remains poorly understood—often dismissed as "just bad periods" until years after symptoms first appear.

In this episode of Let's Talk Gynaecology, Dr Jawed and Dr Deepika Pannu break down endometriosis beyond the surface-level explanation, looking at the actual biology driving the condition and its symptoms.

The conversation explores:

What endometriosis is and why it's classified as an inflammatory, hormone-driven condition
The leading theories behind why endometriosis develops, including retrograde menstruation and genetic susceptibility
How endometriosis lesions attach, grow, and eventually become hormonally self-sufficient
Why genetics may explain differences in how the condition presents between women
The five distinct types of pain associated with endometriosis
Why a small lesion can cause more pain than a large endometrioma
Why pain can persist even after surgical removal of lesions
The full range of symptoms, from gynaecological to gastrointestinal, urinary and musculoskeletal
How endometriosis can affect fertility, and the different mechanisms involved
Why an endometriosis diagnosis does not mean pregnancy is impossible

The episode also touches on the broader need for greater awareness of endometriosis—so that women can better understand their symptoms and feel empowered to manage their condition.

Endometriosis is common, complex, and still under-researched. Understanding the science behind it is the first step toward better recognition and care.

CHAPTERS:
00:00 Introduction to endometriosis
03:44 What really causes endometriosis to develop ?
08:38 What causes pain in endometriosis ?
12:09 Beyond period pain, What are the symptoms?
14:21 Can endometriosis affect pregnancy?
16:15 Conclusion